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  <div class="section" id="interactive-input-editing-and-history-substitution">
<span id="tut-interacting"></span><h1><span class="section-number">14. </span>交互式编辑和编辑历史<a class="headerlink" href="#interactive-input-editing-and-history-substitution" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
<p>某些版本的 Python 解释器支持编辑当前输入行和编辑历史记录，类似 Korn shell 和 GNU Bash shell 的功能 。这个功能使用了 <a class="reference external" href="https://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/readline/rltop.html">GNU Readline</a> 来实现，一个支持多种编辑方式的库。这个库有它自己的文档，在这里我们就不重复说明了。</p>
<div class="section" id="tab-completion-and-history-editing">
<span id="tut-keybindings"></span><h2><span class="section-number">14.1. </span>Tab 补全和编辑历史<a class="headerlink" href="#tab-completion-and-history-editing" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>在解释器启动的时候，补全变量和模块名的功能将 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/site.html#rlcompleter-config"><span class="std std-ref">自动打开</span></a>，以便在按下 <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Tab</kbd> 键的时候调用补全函数。它会查看 Python 语句名称，当前局部变量和可用的模块名称。处理像 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string.a</span></code> 的表达式，它会求值在最后一个 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'.'</span></code> 之前的表达式，接着根据求值结果对象的属性给出补全建议。如果拥有 <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__getattr__" title="object.__getattr__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__getattr__()</span></code></a> 方法的对象是表达式的一部分，注意这可能会执行程序定义的代码。默认配置下会把编辑历史记录保存在用户目录下名为 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.python_history</span></code> 的文件。在下一次 Python 解释器会话期间，编辑历史记录仍旧可用。</p>
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<div class="section" id="alternatives-to-the-interactive-interpreter">
<span id="tut-commentary"></span><h2><span class="section-number">14.2. </span>默认交互式解释器的替代品<a class="headerlink" href="#alternatives-to-the-interactive-interpreter" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
<p>Python 解释器与早期版本的相比，向前迈进了一大步；无论怎样，还有些希望的功能：如果能在编辑连续行时建议缩进（解析器知道接下来是否需要缩进符号），那将很棒。补全机制可以使用解释器的符号表。有命令去检查（甚至建议）括号，引号以及其他符号是否匹配。</p>
<p>一个可选的增强型交互式解释器是 <a class="reference external" href="https://ipython.org/">IPython</a>，它已经存在了有一段时间，它具有 tab 补全，探索对象和高级历史记录管理功能。它还可以彻底定制并嵌入到其他应用程序中。另一个相似的增强型交互式环境是 <a class="reference external" href="https://www.bpython-interpreter.org/">bpython</a>。</p>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">14. 交互式编辑和编辑历史</a><ul>
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